Olivier Debré was born on 15 April 1920 in Paris, France. He was married to Denise Coulon. He died on 1 June 1999 in Nazelles-Negron, Indre-et-Loire, France.
Painter, art academy professor, he is the son of Robert Debré and the father of Patrice Debré. His wife Denise is the great-granddaughter of Eugène Scribe.