Mnemosyne was the personification of memory in Greek mythology. She was a titaness, the daughter of Gaia and Uranus, and the mother of the Muses by Zeus.
The anime was produced to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the AT-X network, which it originally aired on.
Tajimamori's legend in episode five is based upon a real legend mentioned in Japanese chronicles "Nihon Shoki", wherein Emperor Suinin ordered a man named Tajimamori to bring him the "fruit of immortality" (which was thought to be a mandarin orange) from the "Land of No Aging and No Death".
In episodes 5 and 6, Mishio often refers to herself (and later, to Mimi) as "Holmes". This is a reference to Sherlock Holmes, probably the most famous fictional private detective, created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
In episode 4, Ruon's father Katsuyuki Kamiyama is repeatedly compared to John von Neumann, a famous scientist who made colossal contributions to information technology in the twentieth century.